Everyone knows, home ventilation serves as an air exchange place. But unfortunately there are still many who do not know if making home ventilation must be done with a mature calculation by considering many things, so it is not surprising that many homes feel hot even though they already have ventilation.
Understanding of ventilation

The word ventilation or ventilation comes from the Latin language, vetus, which means air movement. Ventilation can be defined as the process of exchanging air in space naturally or mechanically. Based on the technique, the ventilation system is divided into two types, namely passive ventilation and active ventilation.
Passive ventilation is a natural ventilation system because indoor air exchange occurs naturally without using mechanical equipment. The natural ventilation system in buildings and homes that is most widely used is air openings. While active ventilation or so-called artificial ventilation, air exchange occurs because it uses the help of mechanical equipment such as fans and air conditioners.
Principles of Indoor Air Movement

To understand more about home ventilation, you must first understand the principle of air movement in space. The movement of air in space is caused by the presence of air flow from outside the building and airflow between spaces in the building.
The movement of air in space is also influenced by the stack effect phenomenon where the movement of air in space occurs due to differences in air density. Hotter air has a lower density with an upward direction of movement so that cooler air with a low density level will fill the place where it left off. In addition, air movement is also influenced by wind and temperature differences between the parts exposed to sunlight and the part that is protected from sunlight.
Understanding the Function of Home Ventilation

In short, home ventilation functions as an outlet for air, creating cool air in the room. Home ventilation also serves to maintain the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the room.
Humans breathe by inhaling oxygen and emitting carbon dioxide. When a house does not have ventilation or has a small size of ventilation, it results in the obstruction of the air exchange process so that carbon dioxide levels dominate the air in the room.
Carbon dioxide is the result of metabolic waste from body cells, while the human body needs oxygen as energy so that the system in the body can work optimally. But when the air in the house is dominated by high levels of carbon dioxide, humans will inhale again carbon dioxide while the oxygen levels in the body will decrease.
The body that does not get enough oxygen causes the system in the body to not work optimally. As a result, various types of health problems will arise such as dizziness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating and further facilitating the disease transmission process.
The lack of air exchange in space will also increase air humidity. Humans emit sweat as the body’s defense mechanism to reduce the temperature of heat in the body that exceeds the threshold. Sweat will evaporate into the air and turn into gas. The evaporation process requires heat energy to accelerate the molecules of water (sweat) into gas. This means that evaporating sweat will bring away heat energy from the body so that it makes the body feel fresher.
When the air humidity in the house increases, the evaporation process will be increasingly difficult to do, causing only a little heat to be released by the body. This is why you feel hot when in a room with minimal ventilation.
естественная и принудительная вентиляция
To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to ventilate the house with an ideal size so that the air with high carbon dioxide content can come out and be replaced with new air which is rich in oxygen, making the air in the house cool.
Calculating Ideal Size of Home Ventilation

In order for home ventilation to function optimally, you must know and take into account the ideal ventilation size for your home. Based on Indonesian National Standards, the area of openings that function as airflow includes the size of ventilation holes in a room at a house with a minimum of 5 per cent of floor space. If the room has a size of 4 mx 5 m, the required ventilation area is 5% x 20m2 = 1m2. This is a standard calculation of home ventilation.
Another thing that must be taken into account in determining the size of home ventilation is the number of members who carry out activities in the house. The more the number of members who live and do activities in the house, the greater the oxygen demand. So you are allowed to make the size of house ventilation greater than the size set by the Indonesian National Standard.
Cross Ventilation Model, Most Ideal Home Ventilation

Cross ventilation is the most ideal model of ventilation for homes that allows air exchange to occur continuously. Cross ventilation is two opening holes that are located facing each other or crossing between the inlet opening and the outlet air that works by utilizing high and low air pressure differences. The pressure difference will draw fresh air from outside the house to enter and push the air inside the house to get out.
We recommend that you make cross ventilation with openings facing each other. Make sure the openings have the same size. The difference in size will make the amount of air entering and leaving unbalanced. You also have to make the inlet opening lower than the outlet air outlet.
To facilitate the air exchange process, make sure not to put too much stuff between the ventilation holes to facilitate the air exchange process. Items placed between two ventilation openings will block and slow down the air exchange path.
Make the house ventilate to the ideal size so that air exchange becomes maximum and makes the house feel cool.